Pressure producing device



March 4, 1941. H. w. PRICE PRESSURE PRODUCING DEVICE Filed March 17, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. IVA/P0420 MFR/C6? A ORNEY.

March H. w. PRICE I 2,234,00

PRES SURE PRODUCING DEVICE Filed March 17, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Y 624 626\ 6342i f E 632 634' 14 #635 24 638 G V 636 604 628 'n l y 602 II II LV 630 III o 606 636 m 6/2 6/4 600 O 2: /a

6/6 q scum BY HAROLD I ATTORNEY.

entree PRESSURE PRQTDUCING DEVECIE Harold W. Price, South Bend, Ind, assignor to Bendix Products Eorpcration, South Bend, End, a corporation oi lindiana Application March 17, 1938, Serial No. 1963M 2 Claims.

This invention relates to fluid pressure systems.

Broadly the invention comprehends a duplex fluid pressure system for actuating remote apparatus.

An object of the invention is to provide a duplex fluid pressure system including a duplex pressure producing device of unique and compact structure.

Another object of the invention is to provide a duplex fluid pressure system including a duplex fluid pressure producing device having means compensating for overcharging the systems.

Another object of the invention is to provide r a fluid-pressure actuated motor operative to actuate an apparatus and to compensate for varia-- tions in the pressure on the fluid so as tostabilize the pressure and thus avoid over-actuation of the apparatus.

- Other objects and features of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawings forming a part of this specification,- and in which- Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a motor boat equipped with a fluid pressure system embodyingthe invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a duplex fluid pressure producing device; 7

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the duplex fluid pressure producing device taken substantially on line 3-3, Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view, substantially on line 53- 3, Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view substantially on line 5-5, Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view illustrating a modified form of the fluid pressure producing device;

Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view, substantially on line 1-1, Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view, substantially on line 8-8, Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view, substantially on line 9-9, Fig. 7;

Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional view of another modification of the fluid pressure producing de vice;

Fig. 11 is a sectional view substantially on line iiii, Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a vertical sectional view of a fluid pressure actuated motor-adaptable for operation by the different fluid pressure producing devices;

Fig. 13 is a vertical sectional view substantially on line l3-l3, Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view substantially on line ll-M. F12. 12:

(or. Gil-ti Referring to the drawings for more speciflc details of the invention, id represents a motor boat having mounted in its stern an internal combustion engine or power plant 52 equipped with a carburetor it provided with a throttle It. The boat also has mounted in its stern a conventional rudder it, and mounted in the forward end of the boat is a column supporting a duplex fluid pressure producing device indicated generally at 22.

As shown, the duplexfluid pressure producing device 22 comprises a reservoir it fitted in the upper end of the column 2d, and arranged in the bottom of the reservoir in spaced parallel relation to one another are four cylinders, 26, 2B, and 32. The cylinders are arranged in pairs, one pair oppositelydisposed to the other pair. Each cylinder has one end opening directly into the reservoir and its other end closed as by a head as provided with a discharge port 36, and each cylinder has a. port 38 providing a communication between the cylinder and the reservoir. 1

The discharge ports of the cylinders 26 and 28 are connected respectively by fluid pressure delivery pipes or conduits M and $2 to a fluid pressure actuated motor M associated with the carburetor it, and suitably connected to the throttle it thereof. correspondingly, the discharge ports of the cylinders 30 and 32 are connected respectively by fluid pressure delivery pipes or conduits as and it to a fluid pressure actuated motor 56 associated with the steering post of the rudder and suitably connected to the steering arm thereof.

The cylinders 25, 23, 30 and 32 have mounted therein corresponding pistons 52, 54, 56' and. Each of these pistons includes a head 80 and a skirt 62 providing a recess 64 back of the head.

The head has thereon a concentric extension 66,

arranged in the flange is a fllling opening 88 normally closed as by a plug 82 having openings 84 for venting the reservoir to the atmosphere. The housing has a central web 86 supporting a transverse sleeve 88, and arranged in the wall of the housing concentrically with respect to the sleeve are oppositely disposed openings 88 and 92. The sleeve has mounted therein a two-part shaft 94 threaded together as indicated at 86 so that the overall length of the shaft inay be regulated, and rockably mounted on the shaft at the respective ends of the sleeve are walking beams 98 and I88 provided respectively with centrally disposed upwardly extended U-shaped arms I82 and I84. The ends of the walking' beam 88 have pivoted thereto thrust pins I86 and I88 received by the recesses in the backs of the pistons 52 and 54, and, correspondingly, the walking beam I88 has pivoted to its ends thrust pins H8 and H2 received by the recesses in the backs of the pistons 56 and 58.

An operating lever I I4, rockably mounted on the shaft 94 and suitably secured against displacement as by a screw 6 threaded in the ing 98 and also an annular gland I28 filled with a suitable packing for the exclusion of dust from the casing. The lever H4 has-thereon a driver I22 embraced by the arm- I82 on the walking beam 98, and a suitable stop I24 for limiting the movement of the lever is mounted in the top of the casing. By rocking the lever N4 the thrust, pins I86 and I88 may be advanced or retracted was to actuate the pistons 62 and 64.

correspondingly, an operating lever I26 rockably mounted on the shaft 94 and secured against displacement by a screw threaded in the shaft has an annular part I28 closing the opening 92 and an annular gland I38 filled with a suitable 40 packing for the'exclusion of dust from the casing. The lever I26 carries a driver I82 embraced by the arm I84 on the walking beam I88, and mounted in the top of the casing is a stop I84 for limiting the movement of the lever. By rocking the lever I26 the thrust pins I I8 and H2 may be advanced or'retracted so as to actuate the pistons 68 and 58. I I In a normal operation, upon rocking the levers H4 and I26,

of the rudder 18. By movement of the lever II4 forward, force is transmitted therefrom through the walking beam 98 and thrust pin I86 to the piston 62in the cylinder 26, resulting in advancing the piston on its compression stroke. Concomitantly with this operation, the thrust pin I 88'is retracted, resulting in release of the piston- 85 munication with the conduit 42 permits a portion of the fluid within the conduit and below the piston 54 to flow into the reservoir in the event that the same has been expanded by heat. Furthermore, this connection permits of a so-called 'mbleeding' of the system; that is, any trapped air will pass into the reservoir.

As the piston 52 advances on its compression stroke, fluid is displaced through the discharge port 36 and fluid pressure delivery pipe or conduit 48 into theiiuid pressure shaft, has an annular part II8 closing the open-' the fluid pressure actuated motors 44 and 58 may be energized so as to operate the. throttle of the carburetor I4 and'steering arm' from the cylinder '26 actuated motor 44, causing energization of the motor, resulting in advancing the throttle I6 of the carburetor I4. During this operation, fluid is returning from the motor, through the fluid pressure delivery pipe or conduit 42 to the cyl-' inder 28, thence through the port 38 to the reservoir.

By rocking the lever II4 backwardly, force is I transmitted therefrom through the walking beam 98 and thrust pin I86 to the piston 54, re-

' suiting in moving the piston on its compression stroke and concomitantly retracting the, ;thrust pin I86, resulting in release of the piston 82ji and the return thereof past the port 38 so asto establish communication between the cylinder 26 and the reservoir. As the piston 54 advances on its compression stroke, fluid is displaced from the cyliiider 28 through the discharge port 36 and the fluid pressure delivery pipe or conduit 42 to the fluid pressure actuated motor 44, resulting in energization of the motor, resulting in retarding the throttle of the carburetor, and during this operation fluid is returning from the motor through the fluid pressure delivery pipe or conduit 48 to the cylinder 26, thence to the, reservoir by way of the port 38.

Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figs. 6 to 9, both inclusive. In this embodiment of the invention a reservoir 282 has depending from its bottom and opening directly into the reservoir a plurality of cylinders 284, 286, 288 and 2| 8. The outer ends of these cylinders are closed as by a head 2'I2 common to all of the cylinders, and the head has a plurality ervoir and controlled as by a spring-pressed' valve 2I8.

The discharge port of the cylinder 284 and'the discharge port of the cylinder 286 are connected respectively by fluid pressure delivery pipes or conduits 228 and 222 to fluid pressure actuated motor 44 for. actuating the throttle I6 ofthe carburetor I4. correspondingly, the discharge ports of the cylinders 288 and 2) are connected respectively by fluid pressure delivery pipes or' conduits 226 and 226 tothe steering arm of the rudder I8.

A casing 228 imposed on the reservoir 282, and

suitably secured thereto as by bolts 238, has a filling opening 232 communicating with the res- I gervoir and normallyclosed as by a cap 234 provided with openings for venting the reservoir to the atmosphere. .238 provided with a bore, and mounted in this ,bore for reciprocation is a thrust pin 248 having its lower end seated on a plate 242 supported bysprings 244 above and in engagement with the stems of the valves 2I8. The upper or other end of the thrust pin 248'is engaged by a key mounted in the wall of the casing. As shown, the key includes a shaft 246 having formed thereon a cam 248 engaging the thrust pin 248-and a knob 258 for turning the key, and mounted in the wall of the casing is a pin 252 for retaining the key in adjusted position. By manipulation of the key, the valves 2I8 maybe opened or closed to relieve pre'ssurein the! respective fluid pressure delivery pipes of the-system; for oftentimes, during. the operation of the controls, the fluid in the system is expanded by heat. Accordingly, the pilot of the boat has but to turn the knob 258 to open one or the other of the valves 2I8 and permit a portion of the 'fluid to pass into the The casing has a central web reservoir. In the event the fluid. in the system contracts due to cold, it will also be apparent that byopening the valves 2|8 fluid may flow into the conduits and chambers beneath the pistons. The volume of fluid in the system may thus be maintained constant, and the oil. positions of the several pistons and connected controls may be maintained at the same setting.

The web 238 supports adjacent the top of the casing a transverse sleeve 254, and arranged in the wall of the casing concentrically to the sleeve and oppositely disposed with respect to one another are openings 256 and 258. A two-part shaft 260 supported in the sleeve 254 has mounted thereon for rotation at the respective ends of the sleeve walking beams 262 and 264 provided respectively with upwardly extended centrally disposed arms 266 and 268. The ends of the walking beam 262 are connected by thrust pins 210 and 212 to pistons 216 and 216 mounted for reciprocation in the cylinders 204 and 206. Correspondingly, the ends of the walking beam 264 are connected by thrust pins 218 and 280 to pistons 282 and 284 mounted for reciprocation in the cylinders 208 and 2H].

An opera-ting lever 286 mounted for rotation on the shaft 260 has an annular part 288 fitted in the opening 256 and sealed as by a suitable packing 290. The lever 286 carries a springpressed plunger 292 re ived by an opening in the arm 266 on the walking beam so as to effectively connect the walking beam to the lever, and on the free end of the plunger is a reduced portion 294 adapted to enter an opening in a fixed support 296 so as to lock the lever against movement.

correspondingly, an operating lever 298 mounted for rotation on the shaft 260 and suitably secured against displacement has an annular part 300 fitted in the opening 258 and sealed as by a suitable packing 302. The lever 298 carries a spring-pressed plunger 304 received by an opening in the arm 268 of the walking beam 264 so as to j effectively connect the lever to the walking beam, and the free end of the plunger has a reduced portion 306 adapted to enter an opening in a fixed support 308 so as to lock the lever against movement.

In a normal operation, when it is desired to actuate the carburetor, the plunger 292 carried by the lever 286 is partly retracted so as to unlock the lever. Thereafter the lever 286 may be rocked to actuate the walking beam 262, and upon actuation of the walking beam the pistons 214 and 216 are advanced or retracted according to the direction of movement of the lever. Upon actuation of the pistons, fluid is displaced from the cylinders 204 and 206 through the fluid pressure pipes or conduits to the fluid pressure actuated motor 44 connected to the carburetor so as to energize the motor and concomitantly relieve pressure on the fluid in the motor. I

- correspondingly, when it is desired to actuate the rudder, the plunger 304 carried by the lever 298 may be partly retracted so as to unlock the lever, and thereafter the lever may be rocked to actuate the walking beam 264. Actuation of this walking beam results in actuation of the pistons 282 and 284. As the pistons are advanced or retracted, according to the direction of movement of the lever, fluid is discharged from one of the cylinders 208 and 2 l0 through the discharge port and fluid pressure delivery pipes into the motor 50 connected to the rudder, and con omitantly therewith pressure on the fluid in the other cylinder is released so as to compensate for fluid returning from the motor.

Yet another modification of the invention is illustrated in Figs. 10 and 11. In this modiflca tion a reservoir 400 has depending from its bottom and opening directly into the reservoir a pair of parallel cylinders 402 and 404. The cylinders have ports 406 and 408 providing communications between the cylinders and the reservoir, and heads 0 and M2 providedwith discharge ports 4 and 6 connected as by-fluid pressure delivery pipes or conduits H8 and 420 to a fluid pressure actuated motor corresponding to either motor 44 or 50. The ports 406 and 408 function for the same purpose as the ports 38 in the modification disclosed in Figure 2; that is, they enable trapped air in the system to pass into the reservoir and, if the fluid is expanded by heat, permit a portion of the fluid to pass into the reservoir.

2 Pistons 422 and 424 are mounted for reciprocation in the cylinders 402 and 404. Each of the pistons includes a head supporting a sealing cup 426 and a skirt having a recess, and positioned in the cylinders between the sealing cups and the heads of the cylinders are return springs 428.

A housing 430 superimposed on the reservoir, and secured thereto as by bolts 432, has therein a web 434 supporting a transverse sleeve 436, and arranged in the wall of the housing concentrically to the sleeve and oppositely disposed with respect to one another are openings 438 and 440.

A two-part shaft -442' supported in the sleeve 436 has rotatably mounted thereon at one end of the sleeve a walking beam 444 having a centrally disposed upwardly extended arm 446, and pivoted to the ends of the walking beam are thrust pins 448 and 450 received by the recesses in the skirts of the pistons-422 and 424.

The opening 438 is closed as by a cap 452 threaded on the shaft 442, and a suitable packing 454 carried by the cap serves to exclude dust from the housing. A lever 456 mounted for rotation on the shaft 442 and suitably secured against displacement as by a screw 458 in the end of the shaft has an annular portion fitted in the opening 440 and provided with a suitable packing 460 for the exclusion of dust from the housing.

movement of one of the pistons on it compression stroke and the return of the other piston to its retracted position under the influence of the retractile spring.

As the piston advances on its compression stroke, the fluid in the cylinder forward of the piston is displaced therefrom through its discharge port and one of the fluid pressure delivery pipes to the motor, resulting in energiza-tion' of the motor, and concomitantly therewith fluid is returning from the motor through the other fluid pressure delivery pipe to the cylinder in which the piston has moved to its retracted position.

A fluid pressure actuated motor 600 corresponding to the motors associated with the carburetor and rudder is illustrated in Figs. 12 to 17, both inclusive. As shown, this motor comprises a housing or casing 602 having therein a chamber 604 and a pair of corresponding cylinders 606 and 608 arranged in parallel relation to one another and spaced apart by a web 6) disposed longitudinally and centrally of the casing. Each of the cylinders has one of its ends opening into the chamber 604 and its other end closed as by a head 6I2 having an opening providing a discharge port 6 for the cylinder and another opening normally closed as by a bleeder screw 6l6.

Pistons 616 and 620 are mounted for reciprocation in the cylinders 606 and 608. Each of these pistons includes a head and a skirt. The head has suitably secured thereon a sealing cup 622, and the skirt has a recess formed therein. The wall of the chamber 604 has oppositely disposed slots 624 .and 626, and mounted for reciprocation in these slots are corresponding bearing blocks 628 and 630 yieldingly held against movement by springs 632 and 634 interposed between the blocks and the top of the casing.

A shaft 636 mounted for rotation in the bearing blocks 6'28 and 630 has keyed thereto between the bearing blocks a walking beam 638, and pivoted to the ends of the walking beam are thrust pins or rods 640 and 642 received in the recesses formed in the skirts of the pistons H8 and 620, and keyed to the shaft 636 outside of the casing is a lever 644 adapted to be connected by suitable linkage to the apparatus it may be desired to actuate.

In a normal operation of this motor, fluid under pressure received by one of the cylinders 606 and 608 results in advancing the piston in the cylinder receiving the fluid, and this movement of the piston transmits force through one through an angle, and this movement of the lever 644 may be transmitted by suitable linkage to the apparatus to be actuated. In instances where the pressure on the fluid is excessive for the purpose of efiectively actuating the apparatus,

and to inhibit overrunning, the bearings of the walking beam are yieldingly supported.

Although this invention has been described in connection with certain specific embodiments,'

said cylinders, a web member within said housingv member, a sleeve secured to said web member, a two-part shaft rotatably mounted within said sleeve, a walking beam mounted on each shaft, four thrust pins interconnecting the four ends of said walking beams with the four pistons,

and means secured to each shaft for rotating the same.

2. A fluid pressure producing device including a reservoir, four cylinders housed within and integrally secured to said reservoir, a piston in each cylinder, a cup-shaped housing member secured to said reservoir'above said cylinders, a web member within said housing member dividing HAROLD W. PRICE. 

